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OSHA 1910.1001AppE

Chest X-ray classification requirements

Subpart Z

14 Questions & Answers
10 Interpretations

Questions & Answers

Under 1910.1001AppE, who is allowed to classify chest X-rays for pneumoconioses?

Only a B-Reader, a board eligible/certified radiologist, or an experienced physician with known expertise in pneumoconioses may classify chest X-rays under this Appendix. See 1910.1001AppE for the requirement that classifications be performed only by those listed.

Under 1910.1001AppE, what edition of the ILO classification must be used to classify chest X-rays?

The Guidelines for the use of the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses (revised edition 2011) must be used to classify chest X-rays. The Appendix explicitly requires classification in accordance with that revised 2011 edition; see 1910.1001AppE and the incorporation authority at 1910.6.

Under 1910.1001AppE, what form must be used to record chest X-ray classifications and is that form submitted to NIOSH?

Chest X-ray classifications must be recorded on a classification form following the format of the CDC/NIOSH (M) 2.8 form, and that form is not to be submitted to NIOSH. The Appendix requires using the CDC/NIOSH (M) 2.8 format and explicitly states the form is not submitted; see 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, what minimum content must be included on the CDC/NIOSH (M) 2.8 chest X-ray classification form?

As a minimum, the content within the bold lines of the CDC/NIOSH (M) 2.8 form (items 1 through 4) must be included on the classification form. The Appendix specifies that those items are the minimum required content; see 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, what reference materials must the physician have available when classifying film chest X-rays?

When classifying film chest X-rays, the physician must have immediately available for reference a complete set of the ILO standard format radiographs provided for use with the Guidelines (revised edition 2011). The Appendix requires immediate availability of the ILO standard format radiographs when classifying film images; see 1910.1001AppE and the incorporation at 1910.6.

Under 1910.1001AppE, what reference materials must the physician have available when classifying digitally‑acquired chest X-rays?

When classifying digitally-acquired chest X-rays, the physician must have immediately available for reference a complete set of ILO standard digital chest radiographic images provided for use with the Guidelines (revised edition 2011). The Appendix requires these digital ILO reference images to be immediately available; see 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, may a physician classify digital chest X-rays based on hard copy printed transparencies?

No. Classification of digitally-acquired chest X-rays must be based on viewing images displayed as electronic copies and must not be based on viewing hard copy printed transparencies. The Appendix makes this explicit for digitally-acquired images; see 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, does the Appendix apply to chest X-rays ordered under the asbestos general industry standard 1910.1001?

Yes. Appendix E is part of 1910.1001, so its chest X-ray classification requirements apply to chest X-rays conducted under that asbestos standard. See 1910.1001 and the Appendix at 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, can a non-physician perform the ILO classification of chest X-rays?

No. The Appendix requires that classifications be done only by a B-Reader, a board eligible/certified radiologist, or an experienced physician with known expertise in pneumoconioses, so non-physicians are not authorized to perform the required ILO classifications. See 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, does the Appendix require submission of classification forms or films to NIOSH?

No. Appendix E states the CDC/NIOSH (M) 2.8 formatted classification form is not to be submitted to NIOSH. Employers should keep the required records as directed by the asbestos standard, but the Appendix itself says the form is not submitted; see 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, what is the required basis for classifying digitally‑acquired chest X‑rays?

Classification of digitally-acquired chest X-rays must be based on viewing images displayed as electronic copies (on a monitor or digital display) and not on printed hard-copy transparencies. The Appendix requires electronic display viewing for digital classifications; see 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, what should a physician do if they do not have immediate access to the required ILO reference images when asked to classify an X-ray?

A physician must have the appropriate ILO reference images immediately available; if they do not, they should not perform the classification until the complete set of ILO standard format radiographs (for film) or ILO standard digital chest radiographic images (for digital) is available. Appendix E requires immediate availability of the appropriate ILO reference set when classifying; see 1910.1001AppE.

Under 1910.1001AppE, does Appendix E specify which edition of the ILO standard images must be on hand for digital classifications?

Yes. Appendix E requires the ILO standard digital chest radiographic images provided for use with the Guidelines for the use of the ILO International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses (revised edition 2011) to be immediately available when classifying digitally-acquired X-rays. See 1910.1001AppE and the standard incorporation at 1910.6.

Under 1910.1001AppE, are printed copies of digital images acceptable backup for on‑screen viewing during classification?

No. The Appendix expressly states that classification of digitally-acquired chest X-rays must be based on viewing electronic copies and shall not be based on viewing hard copy printed transparencies, so printed copies are not acceptable for the required digital classification. See 1910.1001AppE.