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OSHA 1981.107

Administrative hearing procedures

1981 Subpart B

14 Questions & Answers

Questions & Answers

Under 1981.107(b), what happens after OSHA receives an objection and request for hearing?

The Chief Administrative Law Judge promptly assigns the case to a judge who notifies the parties of the hearing date, time, and place. The rule requires prompt assignment and notice to parties and that the hearing be scheduled to begin expeditiously unless there is good cause or the parties agree otherwise; see 1981.107(b).

Under 1981.107(b), what does it mean that hearings are conducted "de novo, on the record"?

It means the administrative law judge starts the case anew and decides the matter based on the hearing record rather than deferring to prior agency findings. The standard explicitly states hearings will be conducted de novo, on the record, which requires the judge to consider the evidence and arguments presented at the hearing when reaching a decision; see 1981.107(b).

Under 1981.107(b), can the administrative law judge limit discovery to speed up the hearing?

Yes. The administrative law judge has broad discretion to limit discovery in order to expedite the hearing. The rule explicitly authorizes judges to restrict discovery to keep proceedings moving promptly; see 1981.107(b).

Under 1981.107(b), what is required to delay the hearing start beyond an expeditious schedule?

A showing of good cause or agreement by the parties is required to delay an otherwise expeditious hearing start. The regulation says hearings are to commence expeditiously except upon a showing of good cause or unless the parties agree to a delay; see 1981.107(b).

Under 1981.107(c), what happens when both the complainant and the named person object to the findings or order?

If both object, their objections are consolidated and a single hearing is held. The regulation requires consolidation of objections by the complainant and the named person so the issues are resolved in one proceeding; see 1981.107(c).

Under 1981.107(d), do formal rules of evidence apply at the hearing?

No, formal rules of evidence do not apply; instead, the judge applies rules or principles to assure production of the most probative evidence. The regulation states formal rules of evidence will not apply but directs judges to exclude evidence that is immaterial, irrelevant, or unduly repetitious; see 1981.107(d).

Under 1981.107(d), can the administrative law judge exclude testimony or documents?

Yes. The judge may exclude evidence that is immaterial, irrelevant, or unduly repetitious to ensure the record focuses on the most probative information. This exclusion authority is stated in the regulation to promote efficient and fair hearings; see 1981.107(d).

Under 1981.107(a), what parts of OSHA procedure are superseded by the rules in part 18?

Except where part 1981 provides differently, the Office of Administrative Law Judges' rules in subpart A, part 18 govern the procedures for these hearings. In other words, part 18 applies unless part 1981 specifically provides an alternative; see 1981.107(a).

Under 1981.107(b), must the hearing location be within a specific geographic area?

The regulation only requires that the judge notify the parties of the day, time, and place of hearing; it does not mandate a specific geographic area. The hearing place is set by the assigned judge when providing notice to the parties; see 1981.107(b).

Under 1981.107(b), can the parties agree to delay the hearing or change its scheduling?

Yes. The regulation allows the hearing to be delayed or scheduling changed if the parties agree to do so. Absent party agreement, a showing of good cause is required for delay; see 1981.107(b).

Under 1981.107(c), does consolidation require a formal motion or is it automatic when both object?

When both the complainant and the named person object, the regulation provides that their objections will be consolidated and a single hearing conducted; the text does not require an additional motion to consolidate in that specific circumstance. The consolidation is mandatory under 1981.107(c).

Under 1981.107(d), how should parties present evidence if formal evidentiary rules do not apply?

Parties should present evidence that is relevant and probative and avoid immaterial, irrelevant, or unduly repetitious material because the judge will apply principles that favor the most probative evidence. The regulation encourages focusing on useful evidence rather than following formal evidence rules; see 1981.107(d).

Under 1981.107(b), what does "promptly assign" mean for the Chief Administrative Law Judge's duties?

It means the Chief Administrative Law Judge should assign the case to an administrative law judge without unnecessary delay so the assigned judge can notify parties of the hearing schedule. The regulation emphasizes prompt assignment and notice so hearings can commence expeditiously; see 1981.107(b).